The Cobras also moved into the cluster of three buildings in the Washington Park neighborhood at 53rd and State, these buildings were: 5326, 5323 1:30. 18. "They don't want any trouble . While in the gang, he achieved the rank of a 'prince.' He identified defendant in court as someone he had known for 20 years. Nonetheless, [a] defendant has the due process right to be sentenced on the basis of accurate information. United States v. Salinas, 62 F.3d 855, 859 (7th Cir.1995) (citing United States v. Mustread, 42 F.3d 1097, 1101 (7th Cir.1994)).
The Latin King Gangs - 1535 Words | 123 Help Me In a separate indictment, Hankton was accused of passing on orders from gang higher-ups in April 1994 to have Williams killed over a narcotics dispute. In at least one of those conversations Davis states that he purchased powder cocaine specifically for the purpose of further processing it in order to manufacture and distribute the resulting crack. This is a highly deferential standard of review and we refuse to second-guess the sentencing judge. United States v. Cleggett, 179 F.3d 1051, 1059 (7th Cir.1999) (citing United States v. Garcia, 66 F.3d 851, 856 (7th Cir.1995)).
INSTRUCTIONS REQUIRED FOR GANG MEMBERSHIP - Chicago Tribune 31: "There will be no breaking into apartment or vacant apartment in the building.". 364, 54 L.Ed.2d 376 (1977). They get lunch breaks, set time for shifts, are not supposed to socialize.". Factions of the gang are being established throughout the Midwestern United States. We simply cannot be sure. The statements did suggest that the original order to issue Williams a beating may have emanated from, or been approved by, a higher authority in the gang; however, A and B agree that the order to beat Williams came to them directly from Hankton. 3B1.1 n. 1 (In distinguishing a leadership role from one of mere management or supervision, titles such as kingpin or boss are not controlling.). Among its demands: exact change, no cutting in line and no $1 bills. Gatlin was murdered because he provided information to the police about the murder of Tony Dawson, a previously unsolved homicide in Minneapolis. 7. 8. Notes [ edit] 8,000 to 10,000 that lives in the United States of America. Davis also threatened violence when he learned that Olden's drug dealers had invaded his territory. This evidence unquestionably evinces a level of control sufficient to satisfy the manager or supervisor enhancement pursuant to 3B1.1(b). at 980. In fact, 2D1.1 and 3B1.1(a) are premised on entirely different conduct; for while an individual may be found to have distributed a certain quantity of drugs making him eligible for a sentence enhancement under 2D1.1, he need not be a leader or organizer of a criminal activity, as described by 3B1.1, to do so. 2 Not only do they give a vivid glimpse into the world of gangs but also, law enforcement authorities say, underline how central the drug business has become in some Chicago gangs. As this court has held, the pre-Booker mandatory application of the sentencing guidelines ipso facto constitutes plain error. 1781, 152 L.Ed.2d 860 (2002). Because we are convinced that the district court did not impermissibly consider unreliable evidence in enhancing Hankton or Davis' sentences for drug quantity and their respective leadership roles in the offense we uphold the validity of the sentencing enhancements imposed. He joined in 1978 when he was eight years old and left the gang in 1996. We disagree and believe this argument is misplaced. 738, 160 L.Ed.2d 621 (2005) and United States v. Paladino, 401 F.3d 471 (7th Cir.2005). Last summer, Hilbring recalled, officers seized an instruction list that a West Side gang was passing out to its drug customers. Torres-Ramirez, 213 F.3d at 980-81. Rule No. See id. The government estimated that, based on Agent Darin's testimony and the wiretap evidence alone, Hankton was responsible for distributing approximately 456 grams of crack cocaine.16, Agent Darin also testified concerning Hankton's ascension from the role of don, the title he held in the mid-1990s, to King, the title he held from 1999 to 2001. An extension was applied for and granted on July 20, 2000, and allowed continued surveillance through August 18, 2000.
Mickey Cobras - Wikipedia Although there was some ambiguity in Olden's testimony as to his interpretation of the terminology used by the MCs to refer to crack cocaine, he eventually testified that he purchased a hard form of cocaine from Hankton. According to Olden's testimony, which was unrebutted at sentencing, it was reasonable for the district court to conclude that Hankton personally distributed between 134 and 1071 grams of crack cocaine, to Olden alone, in the space of just these five months.26 See Salinas, 62 F.3d at 859; see also United States v. Durham, 211 F.3d 437, 444 (7th Cir.2000) (stating that estimates of drug quantity are acceptable if they are based on evidence possessing a sufficient indicia of reliability and not nebulous eyeballing). (T. 1993, 2223, 3194). "It's all geared for better business," Guthrie said. Olden also explained that in 1997, Hankton held the position of Don of Dons of the Cabrini Green projects on the north side of the city of Chicago, a position granting Hankton authority over other gang members. Although they very well could have been considered. This increased the pressure on law enforcement to go after the gang. The Mickey Cobras are a lairge street gang affiliatit wi the naitionwide gang affiliation kent as the People Nation. Smith was best friends with defendant's brother. 20. As this court held in United States v. Torres-Ramirez, credible corroborating testimony is sufficient to provide hearsay evidence, such as the plea agreements and the statements therein, with an indicia of reliability and satisfies the defendant's entitlement to have his sentence determined based on reliable evidence. In particular, Darin testified concerning the contents of an intercepted phone conversation of July 24, 2000 between Davis and the previously mentioned co-defendant, Jammah Olden, where the two argue over what Davis refers to as his workers. Evidently Davis became aware of the fact that Olden was selling drugs in an area where his workers were and became upset with him, telling the unidentified person (most likely Olden) on the phone that y'all better not be [sic] get caught selling [t]hey's [sic] my workers. Two days later a telephone call from Davis to Hankton (Jammah Olden is on the tape and can be overheard in the background) illustrates Davis' anger over Olden invading his workers' drug spot or lick and warns that if his people weren't allowed to continue selling drugs in that area he would fry that motherf[***]r up.. Allowing an illegal sentence to stand would constitute a miscarriage of justice, see White, 406 F.3d at 835-36. The co-defendants' plea agreements submitted at Davis' sentencing demonstrated that Davis was in the habit of distributing crack cocaine. At Davis' sentencing hearing, the government began by calling Agent Darin to the stand as the first witness in support of the contention that Davis' sentence should be enhanced for the possession with the intent to distribute 50 to 150 grams of crack cocaine. 11. After a nine month undercover narcotics investigation, in January 1998 the Chicago Police Department arrested 31 Spanish Cobras in "Operation: Mongoose", including some gang leaders. Specifically, Hankton argues that: (a) statements made by government witnesses at sentencing constituted unreliable hearsay and should not have been considered; and Hankton and Davis argue that (b) the introduction of plea agreements signed by co-defendants in the case also qualified as unreliable hearsay evidence and likewise should not have been considered. Nonetheless, as Agent Darin's testimony and the phone conversations established, Hankton dealt primarily in crack and the large wholesale purchases were made with the intent of converting the powder cocaine into crack. In this case the jury was confronted with conversations which contained code words that, when considered in isolation, might seem unclear, veiled and almost nonsensical, but when analyzed properly, in the context of the totality of the evidence, can clearly be seen to be code words for drugs It is true that, advisedly, no explicit mention was ever made of cocaine or other drugs in any of Vega's conversations with the Zambranas. Violations of the instructions in the memo "most certainly will not be tolerated," the chairman and his board write in the memo. Federal authorities dealt a blow Thursday to the Mickey Cobras street gang, charging 19 of its leaders and members with narcotics conspiracy and also indicting a top leader on charges he passed along orders to have a woman killed six years ago. As part of the plea agreement, Hankton admitted that on three separate occasions in Cook County, Illinois, between February and April 2000, he distributed a total of approximately 156 grams of crack to an individual who, unbeknownst to him, was a confidential informant recruited by the FBI. In order to honor Mickey, they changed their name to Mickey Cobras.
Authorities arrest alleged Chicago gang members in drug crackdown Knox's textbook, "An Introduction to Gangs," lists several gang constitutions, which are filled with rules, pseudo-religious ramblings and the expected problems with spelling. "He's got the props.
Mickey Cobras - Wikipedia Also, the reliability of the plea agreements-as well as Agent Darin's testimony for that matter-was bolstered by the fact that, at sentencing, Hankton took advantage of a reasonable opportunity to rebut the hearsay evidence used against him. United States v. Barnes, 117 F.3d 328, 338 (7th Cir.1997) (quoting United States v. Francis, 39 F.3d 803, 810 (7th Cir.1994)). See Salinas, 62 F.3d at 859 (stating that [e]ach member of a conspiracy is accountable for the amount of drugs with which he was directly involved, and for amounts involved in transactions that were reasonably foreseeable.). The collective name of joined gangs under the five point star banner (V.L.,B.P.S.,L.K., M.C.,4.C.H.,). The government concluded that, because Hankton had admitted to distributing 156 grams of cocaine and because the plea agreements attributed at least an additional 344 grams of crack to him, it was reasonable to conclude from the evidence presented at sentencing that he had distributed in excess of 500 grams of cocaine for the purposes of U.S.S.G 2D1.1. Officials said the Mickey Cobras include as many as 1,500 members and control the area around the Cabrini-Green public-housing complex. The District Court's Determination of Hankton's Drug Quantity. The record reflects that most of the large wholesale purchases involved powder, as opposed to crack, cocaine. It is consistent with what the court has heard as the various defendants have entered their pleas of guilty. We agree with this assessment. 6. In addition, the district judge specifically found Agent Darin to be a credible witness, a determination which bolstered the judge's decision that Darin's testimony concerning the wiretap conversations was reliable. The gang has distributed narcotics since the late 1960s .
U N P U B L I S H E D O P I N I O N - Minnesota In fact, both Agent Darin and Jammah Olden testified that the gang's sole source of revenues was from the sale of illegal drugs. 4655 Hollywood Blvd Los Angeles, CA 90027 (Map & Directions) Phone: (323) 669-3922. See Salinas, 62 F.3d at 859. Instead, Davis claims only that the introduction of the co-defendants' plea agreements constituted clear error due to the fact that the agreements were inadmissible hearsay. The disparate nature of behavior addressed under each enhancement, without more, suggests that impermissible double counting pursuant to those particular enhancements would be most unlikely. It was allot of Cobra Stones but once Mickey died some stayed Stones,some became Mickey Cobras and some were King Cobras. The fact that Williams' murder appeared to involve a dispute over drug money, as opposed to drugs, would not preclude the sentencing judge from inferring that the incident was related to the MCs drug activities or from concluding that Hankton exerted the same authority over the gang's drug activities as he did over ordering beatings or murder. For example, the government was unable to obtain conclusive information about Hankton and Hankton's associates without arousing suspicion. Additionally, the use of undercover agents [was determined to] be impractical and dangerous due to the highly suspicious' nature of the alleged offenders.. 6A1.3); see also United States v. Hardamon, 188 F.3d 843, 849 (7th Cir.1999) (stating that during the sentencing phase of a criminal proceeding the rules of evidence do not apply and the sentencing judge is free to consider a wide range of evidence including hearsay.). Brandon said the Mickey Cobras' rules "is just some attempt by the hierarchy to keep some sort of order.
News from DEA, News Releases, 06/21/06 - DEA.gov 10. Among the co-defendants were Woodrow Green, Jammah Olden, Rasuah Brunner, Ngaya Brunner, Timeka Murdock and Mekeba Gates, many of whom were also members of the MCs and all of whom also entered into plea agreements with the government. As the King, Hankton was responsible for everything from the direction of the conversion of powder cocaine into crack to the organization of the gang's basketball games. Both in Prison and in the street gangs in CA. Indeed, the plea agreements were more than sufficiently corroborated at Hankton's sentencing hearing by the credible testimony of the live witnesses, i.e., Agent Darin and Detective Charles. See supra p. 13. Finally, over objection from defense counsel, the government introduced the plea agreements of seven of Hankton's co-defendants.19 In the plea agreements, which were signed and approved by each of the co-defendants and received into evidence at sentencing, the co-defendants describe receiving primarily crack cocaine from Hankton. Agent Darin, a member of the FBI's joint gang task force and a trained drug traffic investigation agent, testified concerning Hankton's coordination of the drug trade for the MCs as well as his role as King or leader of the gang throughout the city in 2000 and 2001. Control means access to the profits from the drug trade. 12. Olden testified that eventually Hankton became King of the north side of the city.